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GIS stands for Geographic Information Systems. According to Wikipedia, A geographic information system (GIS) "is a system for capturing, storing, analyzing and managing data and associated attributes which are spatially referenced to the earth. In the strictest sense, it is a computer system capable of integrating, storing, editing, analyzing, sharing, and displaying geographically-referenced information. In a more generic sense, GIS is a tool that allows users to create interactive queries (user created searches), analyze the spatial information, edit data, maps, and present the results of all these operations."
To most, a GIS is a really cool map-making tool. And it is. However, realistically, maps only make up perhaps 5% of the actual GIS process, being the end result. A GIS is above all, a very powerful data storage and querying tool capable of performing sophisticated mathematical algorithms that can display very raw data in a visually pleasing way.
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